So this is the server .jar and .exe download. Someone on /r/Minecraft made a post with a server .jar download and didn't get cyber-assaulted by subreddit mods so I think it's allowed. If i'm wrong i'll promptly remove this page (Don't worry i'll keep a backup .txt file). In my eyes it seems rather arbitrary that server .jars are allowed but minecraft .jars aren't.
Server .jars and .exe:
0.30_01c (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/9okqbq4b52862aq/0.30_01c+server.rar (56 kb)
It is kind of pointless downloading server .jars from the Multiplayer Test because they don't work anymore. I'm just putting this here for historical reasons.
Alpha 1.0.15 (.exe): http://www.mediafire.com/file/7fc6t04u57os8de/Minecraft_Server.rar (280.81 kb)
Alpha 1.0.17 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/yy7dmyvbtptwmds/Alpha+1.0.17.rar (291.85 kb)
Alpha 1.0.17_02 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/yy7dmyvbtptwmds/Alpha+1.0.17.rar (291.85 kb)
Alpha 1.0.17_03 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/yy7dmyvbtptwmds/Alpha+1.0.17.rar (291.85 kb)
Alpha 1.0.17_04 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/yy7dmyvbtptwmds/Alpha+1.0.17.rar (291.86 kb)
Those three above are cross compatible with each other, hence the reason why they use the same link.
Alpha 1.1.0 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/i0xxnmsz8nq1wnx/Alpha+1.1.0.rar (254.31 kb)
Alpha 1.1.2_01 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/u4ev744sxsxybf7/1.1.2_01+alpha+server.jar.zip (270.39 kb)
Alpha 1.2.0 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/3hsrdn18h4iifgz/Alpha+1.2.0.rar (297.87 kb)
Alpha 1.2.0_02 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/6t1gb071b8i5nvy/Alpha+1.2.0_02.rar (280.26 kb)
Alpha 1.2.2 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/kcser80shs20j05/Alpha+1.2.2.rar (288.70 kb)
Alpha 1.2.3 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/36u0hzwexi0mbw8/Alpha+1.2.3.rar (288.70 kb)
Alpha 1.2.3_04 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/il3rklihmlt5j88/1.2.3_04+Alpha+server.jar.zip (309.59 kb)
Alpha 1.2.4_01 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/zmywi9iyswow5k8/Alpha+1.2.4_01.rar (291.36 kb)
Alpha 1.2.5 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/s5b7rqvwti4c49a/Alpha+1.2.5+server.rar (294.23 kb)
Alpha 1.2.6 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/ejef6741ra3n1ah/Alpha+1.2.6.rar (294.47 kb)
Beta
Beta 1.0 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/mv20ht0y3t7lmtb/Beta+1.0+sserver.rar (295.65 kb)
Beta 1.0_02 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/ozz9o8pa3032mz5/Beta+1.0_02.rar (322.62 kb)
Beta 1.2 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/rqfu8idsj9a73n4/Beta+1.2.rar (323.49 kb)
Beta 1.2_01 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/7dshaa11a2jukdu/Beta+1.2_01.rar (351.40 kb)
Beta 1.2_02 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/xs0oqxwsaos9adm/Beta+1.2_02.rar (351.69 kb)
Beta 1.3 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/b44xb2mewgoedd6/Beta+1.3.rar (422.20 kb)
Beta 1.3_01 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/3we8e82y97d4vmu/Beta+1.3_01.rar (422.20 kb)
Beta 1.4_01 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/6lvp3r76t3nf4tc/Beta+1.4_01.rar (410.98 kb)
Beta 1.5 (.bat): http://www.mediafire.com/file/o6ne7qjane00cl1/Beta+1.5.rar (6.72 mb, includes Bukkit)
Beta 1.6 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/91e1x26vs7eb7nh/Beta+1.6.rar (467.73 kb)
Beta 1.6.6 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/0ev4zd1fqcgvpgm/Beta+1.6.6.rar (452.50 kb)
Beta 1.7 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/lkqkbp9jcidsbb3/Beta+1.7.rar (452.50 kb)
Beta 1.7.3 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/u1eyvk1a2572sdg/Beta+1.7.3.rar (480.74 kb)
Beta 1.8-pre1 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/kbbqd7xdb3txphz/Beta+1.8-pre1.rar (568.40 kb)
Beta 1.8-pre2 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/it9xfyoxg2t1824/Beta+1.8-pre2.rar (571.68 kb)
Beta 1.8 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/zt58ch88c2pnr2d/Beta+1.8.rar (571.79 kb)
Beta 1.8.1 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/ead0v9rlrr99e5d/Beta+1.8.1.rar (572.07 kb)
Beta 1.9-prerelease1 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/vz6ezf4enx6uti3/Beta+1.9-pre1.rar (606.65 kb)
Beta 1.9-prerelease2 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/8lww5w60hxw9hx9/Beta+1.9-pre2.rar (620.15 kb)
Beta 1.9-prerelease3 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/e746946055a51e4/Beta+1.9-pre3.rar (640.00 kb)
Beta 1.9-prerelease5 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/c3mmllm5fu43iuj/Beta+1.9-pre5.rar (678.56 kb)
1.0.0 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/j1uknftg9g3x1dk/1.0+server.jar.zip (729.83 kb)
1.0.1 (.bat): http://www.mediafire.com/file/9wrzpbucdwo68il/1.0.1.rar (8.64 mb, Bukkit)
I would not reccomend using 1.0.1 because it requires jre7 and a 64 bit computer. Use 1.0.0 instead.
1.1 (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/j3dgo6bv93srgyb/1.1.rar (1.15 mb)
1.2.5-pre (.jar): http://www.mediafire.com/file/xgy61j3w2loaeb2/1.2.5-pre.rar (1.28 mb)
Okay, that's all for now. I might make a page helping out people wanting to make Alpha/Beta servers.